From The Norton Anthology Of World Literature Book The...

Those Meddling Gods Through the sampling of readings from The Norton Anthology of World Literature book, one could come to the realization that in a majority of those stories, the deities seem to influence or even control the outcomes of the heroes, often in a negative manner. In the first epic, Gilgamesh encounters the gods at various times, and in The Iliad, the gods manipulate the Greeks and the Trojans for their own desires and wants. Two understand how the gods influenced our hero, Gilgamesh, one must first look at the various ways the gods meddled into his life. The Epic of Gilgamesh is a tale of a half-mortal man whose quest to break his own boredom turns into a tale of friendship, immortality, and kingship. However, his tale would not have been able to happen if it was not for the influence of the various Sumerian deities. After the people of Uruk complained to the gods about Gilgamesh’s child-like behavior, the goddess Aruru creates the man that will become Gilgamesh’s closest fr iend, Enkidu. Enkidu was created as an equal to the king so that Gilgamesh would have a way to occupy his time. Unfortunately, after the two friends defeated the giant Humbaba, a terrible demon creature, the god Enlil becomes enraged, but despite Enlil’s best effort, he is unable to punish the two. During the second half of the tale, the goddess of love, Ishtar, makes advances toward Gilgamesh. Gilgamesh berates the goddess for her capricious emotions instead of giving into the goddessShow MoreRelated The Norton Anthology of World Literature Essay659 Words   |  3 Pages The Norton Anthology of World Literature not only makes available valuable lessons and words of wisdom, but it shares experiences from around the world. These ageless writings allow generations to encounter a heritage of tradition and culture all within the confines of its pages. The anthology’s variety offers multiple characters and ideas to explore, while each selection contains notable and impressionable material. The collection’s most memorable content presents largerRead MoreAnalysis Of Odysseus And Epic Of Gilgamesh 1567 Words   |  7 PagesKilcrease English 2205 Dr. Paquette Hero or Zero Sept. 16, 2014 Odysseus and Gilgamesh When you think of someone who is a hero, what traits come to mind? A hero can often be described as someone who portrays heroic qualities such as strength, endurance, unselfishness and obedience. Both Odysseus in the Homers â€Å"Odyssey† and Gilgamesh in the â€Å"Epic of Gilgamesh† have the characteristics of strength and endurance, but Gilgamesh does not seem to act like a hero and I will tell you why. Odysseus, who isRead MoreA Critical Appraisal of: Beowulf and Gilgamesh Essay examples1640 Words   |  7 PagesA Critical Appraisal of: Beowulf and Gilgamesh There are many differences and critical comparisons that can be drawn between the epics of Beowulf and Gilgamesh. Both are historical poems which shape their respected culture and both have major social, cultural, and political impacts on the development of western civilization literature and writing. Before any analysis is made, it is vital that some kind of a foundation be established so that a further, in-depth exploration of the complex natureRead MoreKnowledge in Gilgamesh and Genesis Essay1133 Words   |  5 PagesAncient world literature and early civilization stories turn around human’s relationship with higher beings. Ancient civilizations were extremely religious, holding the belief that their very lives were in the hands of their almighty god or goddess. This holds true for both the people of biblical times as well as those of the epic era. However, their stories have some differences according to cultural variation but the main structure, idea and theme are generally found correlative. It is hard toRead MoreThe Epic of Gilgamesh1067 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Epic of Gilgamesh is so popular and has lasted such a long time, is because it offers insight into the human concerns of people four thousand years ago, many of which are still relevant today. Some of these human concerns found in the book that are still applicable today include: the fear and concerns people have in relation to death, o verwhelming desires to be immortal, and the impact a friendship has on a person’s life. It does not take a great deal of insight into The Epic of Gilgamesh forRead More A Comparison of the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Hebrew Scriptures1302 Words   |  6 Pages A Comparison of the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Hebrew Scriptures The Hebrew Flood story of Noah and his obligation to preserve man kind after God had punished all living creatures for their inequities parallels The Epic of Gilgamesh in several ways. Even though these two compilations are passed on orally at different times in history the similarities and differences invoke deliberation when these stories are compared. Numerous underlining themes are illustrated throughout each story. Humans areRead MoreComparing the Epic of Gilgamesh and Genesis1005 Words   |  5 Pages The Epic of Gilgamesh has many similarities to the Bible, especially in Genesis and it’s not just that the both begin with the letter â€Å"g†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢! One major similarity being the flood story that is told in both works. The two stories are very similar but also very different. Another being the use of serpents in both works and how they represent the same thing. A third similarity being the power of God or gods and the influence they have on the people of the sto ries. Within these similarities there areRead MoreCompare and Contrast Between the Flood in Gilgamesh and the Old Testament1975 Words   |  8 PagesOutline Thesis: The flood stories in the Epic of Gilgamesh and Genesis have many points of agreement, suggesting that they are somehow connected. Yet, there are also many differences. This term paper will identify similarities and differences in both. I. Introduction II. Gilgamesh a. What is the Epic of Gilgamesh? b. When was it written? c. What is it about? d. Describe the beliefs of the people. III. The Old Testament a. When was it written? b. Describe the flood? IV. Comparison of the TwoRead MoreAnalysis Of The Thousand And One Nights 1518 Words   |  7 PagesSessy Hernandez WLIT 1113 Clark 5/3/16 Theme of Women with Power in The Thousand and One Nights The Thousands and One Nights is a book written by many authors. The teachings of the many tales in this selection are presented for one specific reason, that women can hold a specific amount of power over men. Women and Power are two major themes in this reading. A woman named Shahrazad takes the position of a storyteller and an entertainer through out the whole ancient tale. By obtaining these talentsRead MoreThe Fall From Moral Perfection1442 Words   |  6 PagesEllen Jo Marrero Professor Lou Ann Trost Humanities Honors 1A 22 November 2016 The Fall from Moral Perfection Civilization, although a simple and natural state of mankind, is a triumph of mind over matter, of reason over instinct, and of the distinctly human over mankind’s animal nature. The concept of civilization is widely used to relate to a complex and advanced society, as well as ancient cultures that flourished centuries ago, which left a significant mark on how a society functions in

Essay on Why Ethics Matter - 1338 Words

Why Ethics Matters There are many situations in which ethical perspectives are in contrast to another persons opinion on the same subject matter. Every person has found themselves looking over his shoulder asking himself am I doing the right thing? Ethics is what a person does when no one is watching. Whether it is a corporation or a government entity, they all expect their employees to behave ethically. What are ethics? Webster defines ethics as a set of moral principles or a theory or system of moral values. A persons ethics can depend on how he grew up, his education, his religious preference and his life experiences. Life experiences more than anything else can define a persons ethical nature. A bad experience can leave a†¦show more content†¦Immanuel Kant is thought of as one the most brilliant scholars of all time. He felt strongly perceptual input must be recognized, and processed through the brain. Kant philosophized that a persons experiences can shape his perception of reality. If a person wore blue glasses, he would see everything with a blue tint. While this would not be the same for every person (because not everyone wears blue glasses), it would be true for this man and his perception. Perception has everything to do with making ethical decisions because how a person perceives a situation will dictate the ethical (or unethical) decision that is made. Health Care Services Corporation is a corporation that has very high ethical standards. Working in the health care industry, it is important that HCSC has high ethical standard due to the sensitive nature of information that flows through its company everyday. In such a competitive business, high ethical standards have become the standard and a good reputation is a must. HCSC stays grounded with its four core values. Integrity and honesty are of the utmost importance. Responsibility holds HCSC accountable for all consequences of their behavior. The third core value, mutual respect, creates a work environment based on teamwork, trust and communication among all employees. The final core value is corporate citizenship. This mandates how HCSC is operated (as a business) in respect to laws, government regulations and encouragesShow MoreRelatedLeg 500 Assignment 3 Ethics and Corporate Responsibility685 Words   |  3 PagesASSIGNMENT 3 ETHICS AND CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY To purchase this visit here: http://www.activitymode.com/product/leg-500-assignment-3-ethics-and-corporate-responsibility/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM LEG 500 ASSIGNMENT 3 ETHICS AND CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY LEG 500 Assignment 3 - Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World Write a six to eight (6-8) page paper in which you: 1. Determine all the stakeholders in this scenario. 2. Analyze the ethics of PharmaCARE’sRead MoreEthical Ethics And Normative Ethics1078 Words   |  5 PagesThese two questions are examples of why mete-ethics and normative ethics exist. To be able to create an environmental ethic, one must have a sense of moral conclusion. Whether these morals are categorized through self-interest or obligation, meta ethics and normative ethics try to decipher these notions. To derive a normative ethic, meta-ethics needs to explain the language of morality, and how do humans come to a consensus of specific actions and thoughts. Ethics, by short definition, is how we (humans)Read MoreChief Executive Officer and Ethics Program995 Words   |  4 PagesHRDV- 3330-10SU12 1. Imagine that its your responsibility to select an ethics officer for your organization. What qualities, background, and experience would you look for? Why? I would look for someone who has excellent ethics. A candidate would be someone who looks at the letter of the law when developing guidelines and knows what the industry standard is for those guidelines. Someone who can sees both sides of an issue. A specific background is not needed for this position. KnowledgeRead MoreCritique Nigel Dowers Perspective Of Ethical Development And Globalization1722 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Broome’s Climate Matters: Ethics in a Warming World. In this paper, I will critique Nigel Dower’s perspective of ethical development and globalization through the lens of John Broome’s Climate Matters: Ethics in a Warming World and argue that one cannot consider globalization without climate change. Additionally, I will argue the urgency needed to create a code of ethics for development and globalization based on climate change. I will argue that the globalization of ethics could be consideredRead MoreWhat Does The Word Ethics Mean?908 Words   |  4 PagesWhat does the word ethics mean? Ethics according to google is the rules of conduct recognized in respect to a particular class of human actions or a particular group, culture, etc. So now my question to you is ethics only some people’s responsibility or is it everyone’s responsibility to maintain? Ethics can be an extremely grey area, however, some would argue that it is not a grey area in fact it is simple. However, I disagree. Ethics depending on one’s point of view of a situation can determineRead MoreAristotle s Ethics And Ethics Essay891 Words   |  4 Pagessays that people desire a conclusive theory on ethics. It is human nature to demand a clear path that does not meander into oblivion. Matters Ethics and Morality take twists and turns that seem to end in no specific action plan. Philosophers that came after J.S mill, Bentham, Kant, Aristotle and many more have strived to find a conclusive theory to Ethics. Ethics and any other branch o f Philosophy has proven to be so problematic. Applicability of Ethics peddled by recent philosophers might prove toRead MoreSystem Of Inquiry Paper1188 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The System of Inquiry paper will be based on the Code of Ethics for St. Paul Travelers Companies, Inc. The formal 16-page document demonstrates a consistent process throughout an organization that has offices throughout the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. The System of Inquiry paper will demonstrate the careful alignment of the document and the organizations goal and mission statement. The basic framework of why, how, when and for whom the document pertains to will be developedRead MoreEthical Dilemmas Of A Teacher, A Professional Member Of Staff1261 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsible for promoting fair and just treatment no matter the individuals’ intelligence, beliefs, cultural background, living condition, or views on life in general, and as a teacher, we are held to a higher standard than the common person. Grasping the concepts, physiological aspects, moral development, judgment, values, and sociological characteristic of any given issue is critical to the o verall ethical development of others (bysed.gov/ethics). In the classroom when an ethical issue risesRead MoreMgt 615 Radio Shack- Company Case Study Essay examples1357 Words   |  6 Pagesknowledge about ethical leadership then he will do unethical things in a company. Also, unethical leadership can create many problems, such as ethical lapses and social irresponsibility. To prevent all of these things in an organization we have to give ethics training, independent social audits and also give knowledge about formal protective mechanisms. MGT 615 Radio Shack Case Page 2 of 5 Radio Shack could have fired Mr. Edmondson, but before fire anybody they need to background check, can check referencesRead MoreMy Code of Ethics1415 Words   |  6 PagesCode of Ethics Personal or not, a code of ethics that is in accordance to the criterion of the Almighty God is among the most valuable asset for any individual or organization. In the case study chosen for this essay, the ethical issue involved is concerning business ethics in the area of integrity and uprightness. A firm is planning to expand their business in a country where transactions that seems to be bribery is a normal part of doing business. There are contractors establishing themselves

Academia and Classroom free essay sample

The control of pupil behavior in the classroom is jointly controlled by the pupils ND the teacher. As a management style it requires the teacher to maintain a balance between the task aspect and the human aspect of the classroom situation. Teaching and learning tasks are completed with the pupils willing cooperation and co responsibility which are the hallmarks of democratic classroom management. The following are some advantages: C] D Pupils participate confidently in classroom activities. It encourages initiative and creativity. The classroom atmosphere is relaxed, yet productive. Pupils feel that they are involved in teaching activities. 2. 2 Five styles of conflict management C] Avoidance: avoiding conflict is a short-term solution because the conflict will not go away. Sometimes, however, avoidance could be a temporary measure to calm emotions. CO Giving in or accommodating: teachers who badly want the pupils to accept them use this style. With this style the real differences are underemphasized. We will write a custom essay sample on Academia and Classroom or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sometimes teachers have to give in to avoid hostility in the classroom and to ensure that the work can get done. O Domination: teachers who want to impose their will on pupils use this style. In the long run this style is seldom effective, although teachers sometimes have to dominate. CLC Compromise or settle: this style is marked by a search for compromises and settlement. The teacher will try to meet everyone halfway and to let the majority view prevail. Because a settlement might not satisfy everybody, the dissatisfaction could again cause conflict at a later stage. C] Integrate or collaborate: this style is also known as the problem-solving approach. The parties cooperate in order to find a satisfactory solution. 2. 3 A proper balance bemen the: task-oriented and the human relations aspects, required in every teaching-learning situation , enables teachers to rate a teaching-learning situation with a positive atmosphere. Maintaining a balance between the structural (formal) and human relations (informal) aspects requires a holistic approach to classroom management.The combination and integration of these two dimensions represent the actual structure of the classroom situation, which includes all areas of the teachers management task. These studies revealed a clear correlation between classroom atmosphere and pupil performance of grade 9 and grade 10 pupils in 12 secondary schools in Ontario as follows: 0 Classroom atmosphere has a significant influence on pupil performance. CLC Although the personal and social characteristics of pupils are important factors in their school performance, classroom atmosphere is sometimes more important.D The psychosocial and academic aspects of teaching are interrelated. 2 Student no : 43713009 AWAITED Ass no : 2 C] Variables that relate directly to teaching-learning activities in the classroom have a special, unique influence on pupil performance. The following are the guidelines for teachers to cultivate positive attitudes in their pupils: CLC Put the pupils in the centre. Respect pupils opinions and treat all pupils respectfully. D Give pupils a group feeling. 0 Help pupils to feel secure in school. CLC Make sure that pupils understand their assignments.

Lost in Translation Essay Example For Students

Lost in Translation Essay General Information â€Å"Lost in translation† is one of the best American romantic comedies. Being produced by talented and experienced Sofia Coppola, this film has a deep meaning and presents issues in relations of people and issues with translating English language, revealing various translating issues that include the grammatical structure, sentence structure, and others. The movie was professionally written and directed and starred in popular Hollywood actors, collecting a significant number of awards and nominations in the USA and abroad. Plot The plot of the film is unusual and captivating. The movie tells the story of a married man, who experiences a midlife crisis and a young married woman, who feels separated from the active and interesting life of her famous husband. As a matter of fact, her life with her husband differs considerably from the life she expected, and that is the reason this woman starts new relations with the protagonist. Thus, two lonely souls meet each other in a hotel in Tokyo and build strong relations full of love, trust, and care. In this way, the title of the film â€Å"Lost in translation† is related not only to the language structure or sentence structure of English and Japanese languages but also to the difficulties in relations between people. In this way, it is possible to say that the title of the movie â€Å"Lost in translation† has a double meaning, forcing the audience to overthink these words over and over again. Therefore, the main theme of the film is a translation of th e words and feelings. Translation Issues The main character of the video is a movie star whose mother tongue is English. For that reason, he experiences a lot of difficulties in communication with people in the hotel and at work as it is almost impossible for him to express himself with English words and transmit a true meaning of them to the locals. In this way, the words have significant power as they can influence the life of the protagonist and his relations with the Japanese. In addition, at work, all the words he says are also lost in translation because the interpreter is not professional and does not translate the meaning properly. As a result, well-developed and informative sentences and sentence structures of the director are interpreted as several sharp words that transmit half of the initial meaning. However, because the grammatical structure of the English language is different from the grammatical structure of the Japanese language, it is quite difficult for Bob to understand even a single word by the director . At the same time, he understands that the interpreter does not translate his words properly, building sentences with a simple structure or just translating long expressions on only several words. In this way, the romantic film â€Å"Lost in translation† present to the audience the translating issues of the modern time. It happens that the translators and interpreters translate the words and sentence structures in one simple sentence or even one word. For sure, this word does not include the whole specter of emotions, feelings, and descriptive elements of the initial sentence, making people be literally lost in translation. Therefore, the translators should pay attention to every single word and translate them in correspondence to the requirements because even one word can influence the situation significantly or introduce a new tone to the literary work. Taking into account the issues in translation from Japanese to English and vice versa and issues in relations between people, it is possible to conclude that â€Å"Lost in translation† is one of the best films by the talented American director Sofia Coppola. It perfectly transmits the challenges and difficulties in communication between people from different cultures and in different situations. Thus, the protagonist appears in Tokyo, managing to deal with his midlife crisis, and the woman he meets also is not satisfied with her husband and their marriage in general. Both of them are located in the country of a completely different culture, and this factor makes them even closer than all their problems in personal life. This situation is a perfect background for various translation issues where the words of Bob and his director are translated improperly, provoking misunderstandings and disappointments. In this way, the romantic movie allows the viewers to observe how difficult and challenging it is to deal with the interpretation of other people’s feelings and words, especially when they belong to a different culture and are incapable to understand a single word in English. Thus, â€Å"Lost in translation† transmits the atmosphere of the foreign country,  in confidence in relations between a husband and a wife, and a strong desire of a person to be understood and interpreted in a right way. For that reason, the title of the movie has a double meaning and is thought-provoking to the audience, revealing important issues of the modern time.

The Islam Concept

Desert Description - Land Biome Overview

Desert Description - Land Biome Overview Biomes are the worlds major habitats. These habitats are identified by the vegetation and animals that populate them. The location of each biome is determined by the regional climate. Deserts are dry areas that experience extremely small amounts of rainfall. Many people assume falsely that all deserts are hot. This is not the case as deserts can be either hot or cold. The determining factor for considering a biome to be a desert is the lack of precipitation, which can be in various forms (rain, snow, etc.). A desert is classified according to its location, temperature, and amount of precipitation. The extreme dry conditions of the desert biome makes it difficult for plant and animal life to thrive. Organisms that make their home in the desert have specific adaptations to deal with the harsh environmental conditions. Climate Deserts are determined by low amounts of precipitation, not temperature. They typically receive less than 12 inches or 30 cm of rain per year. The driest deserts often receive less than a half an inch or 2 cm of rain per year. Temperatures in the desert are extreme. Because of the lack of moisture in the air, heat quickly dissipates as the sun sets. In hot deserts, the temperatures can range from above 100 °F (37 °C) in the day to below 32 °F (0 °C) at night. Cold deserts generally receive more rainfall than hot deserts. In cold deserts, temperatures in winter range between 32 °F - 39 °F (0 °C - 4 °C) with occasional snowfall. Location Deserts are estimated to cover about one-third of the Earths land surface. Some locations of deserts include: HotNorth AmericaWest Coast of South AmericaCentral AustraliaNorth AfricaMiddle EastColdAntarcticaCentral AsiaGreenland The largest desert in the world is the continent of Antarctica. It spans 5.5 million square miles and also happens to be the driest and coldest continent on the planet. The largest hot desert in the world is the Sahara Desert. It covers 3.5 million square miles of land in North Africa. Some of the highest temperatures ever recorded were measured in the Mojave Desert in California and the Lut Desert in Iran. In 2005, temperatures in the Lut Desert reached a sweltering 159.3 °F (70.7 °C). Vegetation Due to very dry conditions and poor soil quality in the desert, only a limited number of plants can survive. Desert plants have many adaptations for life in the desert. In very hot and dry deserts,   plants such as cacti and other succulents have shallow root systems to absorb large quantities of water in a short time. They also have leaf adaptations, such as a waxy covering or thin needles of desert plants include: cacti, yuccas, buckwheat bushes, black bushes, prickly pears and false mesquites. Wildlife Deserts are home to many burrowing animals. These animals include badgers, jack rabbits, toads, lizards, snakes, and kangaroo rats. Other animals include coyotes, foxes, owls, eagles, skunks, spiders and various kinds of insects. Many desert animals are nocturnal. They burrow underground to escape the extremely high temperatures in the day and come out at night to feed. This allows them to conserve water and energy. Other adaptations to desert life include light color fur that can reflect sunlight. Special appendages, such as long ears, help to dissipate heat. Some insects and amphibians adapt to their conditions by burrowing underground and remaining dormant until water is more plentiful. More Land Biomes Deserts are one of many biomes. Other land biomes of the world include: Chaparrals: Characterized by dense shrubs and grasses, this biome experiences dry summers and damp winters.Savannas: This large grassland biome is home to some of the fastest animals on the planet.Taigas: Also called coniferous forests, this biome is populated by dense evergreen trees.Temperate Forests: These forests experience distinctive seasons and are populated by deciduous trees (lose leaves in winter).Temperate Grasslands: These open grasslands are located in colder climate regions than savannas. They are found on every continent except for Antarctica.Tropical Rain Forests: This biome receives abundant rainfall and is characterized by tall, dense vegetation. Located near the equator, this biome experiences hot temperatures year round.Tundra: As the coldest biome in the world, tundras are characterized by extremely cold temperatures, permafrost, tree-less landscapes, and slight precipitation. Sources: Burton, James. â€Å"The Largest Deserts in the World.† WorldAtlas, 20 Jan. 2016, www.worldatlas.com/articles/10-largest-deserts-in-the-world.html.Staff, Live Science. â€Å"Wheres the Hottest Place on Earth?† LiveScience, Purch, 16 Apr. 2012, www.livescience.com/19700-hottest-place-earth.html.

Business Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Principles - Essay Example Together with its values of boldness, openness, trustworthiness, and clarity both in the products they sell and services that they render, O2 puts premium on creating a steady bond and relationship with its customers by providing them mobile phones that would enrich their lives. Upon reading O2's mission, vision and value statements, I would say that O2 have fairly pass the test for a mission statement to be considered good. O2's strategic purpose clearly laid down a simple and clear foundation that enables investors and customers to gauge the company's progress. By clearly indicating in its mission statement the bare essence of its existence (i.e. creating an inseparable relationship with their customer by understanding and providing effective and necessary wireless solutions for them) it has provided a clear yardstick of progress for others to measure with. And, because of its straightforwardness and simplicity, O2 has successfully limited other's expectation concerning its growth through its mission statement. The clarity of their vision of creating mobile phones that would "enrich their customers" gives us a definite factor that differentiates its product line from its competitors.

Women as transformational leaders Research Paper

Women as transformational leaders - Research Paper Example An effective leader demonstrates a passion for work and puts all the efforts by dedicating extra time to it. The person I genuinely admire as a leader is the managing director of the state’s health institution since exceptional changes have been observed. The institution was previously crowded; patients were never attended to, and the place was unhygienic. It had insufficient modern facilities as most machines were passed with technology, despite being the major referral hospital in the state. She has now transformed the place remarkably it is now clean, patients’ attendance has really improved, and the workers are treated better. The factor that encourages her is the stamina in which she took his work, and despite the frequent challenges, she has tried her best to beat the odds and is still working for greater goals. Her relation to his juniors is so amazing and, she is determined when it comes to his work, she has put everything he has to see a better health center improve. Leadership development practices have many benefits. They help leaders gain more experience. When leaders undergo development practices, they gain a sense of duty, and this helps improves their performance. The practices also helps leaders have increased loyalty from the virtues they acquire, and this increases the productivity on the organization. It also helps a leader discover what he or she is good at and work on it to raise the standards of an organization. Women are not known much in the leadership circles since it is considered meant for men. Development practices help them succeed in various ways. They help women gain a sense of self-confidence. This helps them put down most of their burdens, which are more than men’s. An example is the fact that women tend to experience emotional difficulties more often and intensely than men do. The practices encourage

Before the night falls. Comparison of the book and film Essay

Before the night falls. Comparison of the book and film - Essay Example Julian Schnabel made a movie based on this memoir. The movie with the same name as the book, like the book, recounts Arenas’ life. It details his birth in rural Cuba, his youth and his growth as a writer. It shows how he struggled to get published his works considered counterrevolutionary by the Cuban government, his imprisonment and his eventual release from Cuba. It shows him migrating to the U.S. achieving some recognition and success there, before dying of AIDS. Schnabel inevitably has not been able to put the whole content of the book into the movie. However the essence and most of the themes of the book have been incorporated into the movie. Adapted films may be able to bring a book to life. However it is not possible to make a movie from a book with as much detail or depth as a book. In Schnabel’s case adaptation of Before Night Falls, became even more difficult because the book was not only the story of the life of one man but the book also portrayed political history that was quite complicated in nature. A faithful and total adaptation of the memoir would need more than six hours of viewing. Schnabel while missing out on many portions of the book however remains faithful to some of the important actual events in the life of Arenas. Schnabel handles the movie with a light touch with none of the weighty sequences found in the book. He does no go into the details of the brutality and torment Arenas experiences in prison. The descri ption of life in the Cuban prison had made the book unique. Arena’s sexual explorations portrayed in the book are portrayed quite timidly in the film. Schnabel does explore the pleasure, freedom and promiscuity of beach culture, but he does this only peripherally. In the book, according to Arenas he has had about 5000 sexual partners by the age of 25. However in the film, he is shown as having no more than what he can

Film Review King Arthur

Film Review King Arthur Film Review King Arthur The film I will be reviewing is called King Arthur. King Arthur is from the action epic genre and is a brilliant well put together film which will help many audiences in many ways and would be bound to sell. I will also include a historical context showing how King Arthur was related to the Roman invasion of Britain and how it also affected the characters involved. The maker of the film is Jerry Bruckheimer. The actors that star in the film are Clive Owen as king Arthur, Keira Knightley as Guinevere, Ray Winstone as Bors, Ioan Gruffudd as Lancelot Stellan Skarsgà ¥rd, Stephen Dillane. Clive Owen has a reputation for providing top class films. Back in 1990, he performed as the wisecracking, sharp-suited wheeler-dealer Stephen Crane in the hit show Chancer; he was described as â€Å"the hottest thing on TV†. Keira Knightley also has a reputation for providing top films such as her earliest Bend It like Beckham to in 2003 Pirates of the Caribbean. After performing in those still only 18 she also preformed in Love Actually and then continued Pirates of the Caribbean. From this we can see that all the actors and actresses are excellent and great performers so therefore my expectations only followed by their reputation. The film is all about King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. It came out in 2004 and lasts for 140 minutes. There is a lot of history of this film as King Arthur is a legend. Similar to Robin Hood King Arthur has many different versions such as an older version and this newer version. In my opinion the film is a great one attracting a wide audience of historians, people with an interest in King Arthur and action packed viewers. King Arthur is believed by some as a myth but most believe he was a real king and that he really did make England proud. This film is set around 409 A.D. This time was when the Roman Empire controlled most of Britain. King Arthur, who is partly Roman and an ally to Rome, was mainly British and loved his country that every battle in this film he would fight would be for him and his knights of the round tables freedom. As an agreement all these British villages had to send their children and some adults to fight for Rome. Similar to subscription and they had to serve a certain amount of time where they would earn their freedom. Later on after a few years in around 410 A.D the Roman invasion had ended because Rome had redrawn from Britain due to other opposing enemies and also due to the attack of the Saxons and Scots. The film begins with a well worded description of the legend of King Arthur which reads â€Å"Historians agree that the classical 15th Century King Arthur and his knight’s rose from a similar individual who lived in a period often called the Dark Ages†. The picture comes awake with a Roman army on horseback often called the â€Å"Praetorian† an elite roman horseback army. The beginning of the film is very important because it sets the scene to what the whole film is about which in this case is about the Roman Britain Empire and its connection with King Arthur. We see at the start a map which shows how far the Roman Empire extended which was from Saudi Arabia to Britain and this is a key point in understanding why Rome called for King Arthur and his knights to carry out so many missions. The reason being that Rome was not satisfied with their land they kept on wanting more and more so leaders like King Arthur were sent on missions to keep the Empire strong. This s hows the outline of the film and the reason as to what the film is about. One key point that we notice in the film is that Lancelot who is one of Arthur’s knights is the narrator and speaks in 1st person â€Å"I was such a son† he said when at the start the roman army came to recruit him on the grounds similar to conscription. So he was off to fight for Rome. Then the scene changes and we see King Arthur as a young boy who is presented as a bright future leader both wealthy and important as we can tell by his freedom of movement. Arthur sees the young knights including Lancelot on horseback and asks who they are and he is told they may someday be his knights little does he know that one day they will. This is a use of dramatic irony as we know it is to happen by the role of Lancelot as one of his knights but the character himself is unaware. After this scene there is a gap which says â€Å"15 years later† then they are all shown as grown men and we notice that there conscription was supposed to be for 15 years therefore the director lives the audience to find this out for themselves. Then we see the characters for the first time as men and their first mission is to protect the bishop from the forest Woads who Merlin (an old friend of Arthur’s) leads. The Woads attack some Roman troops so Arthur and his knights pace to the scene and upon arrival witness the deaths of these Roman soldiers. The Knights take up their swords and fight off the Woads for now as Merlin looks on from the forest. After the attack the Bishop appears dead with an arrow straight through his head however Arthur spots it is not the bishop but a fake. The real Bishop appears and they talk about the great Samaritan Knights that Arthur leads. After they arrive at the castle where all the knights expect their freedom from the subscription that they are bound to. However the Bishop revels that the pope has one more mission for them and all of the knights including King Arthur disapprove after 15 long years of fighting however the mission is to rescue the pope’s favourite godchild and pupil so therefore on their last day of subscription they must go on this mission. As to be expected all the Knights don’t want to go but after a talk from King Arthur unwillingly for Arthur they approve. So after the disapproval of the mission the scene changes and we see who the knights will come up against. Saxons from the north. They were very strong at the time and the opposition to the Romans. When Rome left in 410 A.D it was the Saxons that took over England. We then see the Saxons killing innocent women. This demonstrates the brutality of the Saxons. Then the Knights get on their horseback and ride off towards their mission. They cut through the forest where they are being tracked by Merlin’s knights. Aware of the movement of the Saxons Merlin traps Arthur and the Knights in the forest and they agree to fight the Saxons together. After reaching their mission point they find Alecto the godchild of the pope. Arthur finds a secret door blocked up and his Knight uses his axe to break it down. Inside they find injured Woad. The Woad is called Guinevere who by legend is the eventually the wife of King Arthur therefore this is an important step because this is the entrance of a main character played by Keira Knightley. After a disagreement with the townsman leader the father of Alecto the knights take off away from the Saxons. The Saxons continue to get closer and closer. Then they reach the ice and they finally intercept with the Saxons. Ready and prepared to fight the main scene unfolds. The odds start at 7 Samaritan knights against 200 Saxons. The fight starts with the 7 using their long bows to cut off the wings of the 200 it forces them to stay together putting more weight on the ice eventually the ice begins to break however their out of range and the ice hasn’t broken. Dagenot one of the knights runs forward with his axe and breaks the ice covered by the other 6 with their longbows. Unfortunately he is shot with arrows 3 times and dies however their mission is a success in one way but a loss in another. The next scene begins back at the castle where they are greeted by the Bishop who is happy to see Alecto. They are given their freedom but Bors and all the others are unhappy due to the loss of Daganot. They buried Daganot and looked on in a sad manner. Then we see the final scene which is where the Saxons have risen to Hadrian’s Wall and are ready to attack the Emperor and the knights. However the Romans are leaving and the knights are free but King Arthur says he must stay and fight. None of the knights stay but when they see the bravery of Arthur on his own they race to back up. Then the first Saxon army attack behind the castle gates therefore the Saxon leader can’t see who is winning and only a few of his army come out and they believe there was only six knights however the Woads have joined and they all worked together and Arthur was there leader. The final Saxon army attacked and lost to King Arthur in a great battle and casualties were lost such as Bors and Lancelot which who were two of Arthur’s Samaritan knights. Also the narrator was Lancelot so we notice it is told by a character that later dies this is a technique to have a greater influence of understanding the times of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. The battle ends and Arthur wins and they bury the dead and Lancelot’s request to be cremated takes place. The film ends as Guinevere and Arthur get married and Britain is in safe hands. My opinions of the movie are that it is a good exciting film. The film is entertaining and the storyline keeps the audience in suspense. Another good opinion of the film is that the historical context makes the audience want to see the film because they want to know more about Roman British Empire so they are more likely to see the film. One part I like is where at the start the knights defeat the Woads even though there are only a few knights. I like this part because it makes the knights look strong and therefore impresses me as the audience. Another part I liked is when Daganot takes his axe and destroys the ice so that the Saxons can’t cross the line. However I found this sad because Daganot gets killed in this part of the film. Another action packed part is the last scene where there is a big battle. This scene is action packed and therefore entertaining in the film. Compared to films like Gladiator this film is better because it gives a more historical outlook on the fil m. Therefore I think it is more successful and more entertaining. I think in the film that when the character of Lancelot died it was disappointing because historians know that he was a great warrior therefore the way he died was unexpected and I believe it was better to keep him alive. Therefore if I was directing the film I would have not killed off Lancelot however I like the way that the character of Daganot was killed because he was made to look like a hero. The character I am critical of is Guinevere because in the story of King Arthur she was supposed to be a high class lady from a good family however in this story she is presented as Woad like a rebel whom I think is unrealistic and completely changes the character. Therefore I dislike the character. The parts which are successful are the opening scene where the few knights fight many Woads. This is successful because it sets the tone of the film and lets the audience know how skilled the knights are and how they grew up to become knights. Another part which is successful is where Daganot smashes open the door with an axe. This is successful because it allows the audience to see how strong the knights are again and also get the audience more involved to see what is inside because the breaking down of the door is like footsteps of a massive army because the audience wants to see what will happen next. Therefore in both ways it is successful. In conclusion I recommend the film and would give it 8 out of 10. The reasons for this are because it is a successful film in the way it attracts and entertains the audience such as the start where the knights fight many Woads. It is an interesting film where there is a great historical context such as the history and leadership of King Arthur himself and Roman Britain. The reason I would only give the film an 8 out of 10 is because there were parts I disliked such as that Lancelot got killed and that Guinevere was made to look different then the real story. Therefore in conclusion I would give the film an 8 out of 10 and recommend it to people as a good film because it has many good features and covers the historical part of King Arthur as well as the entertaining action packed fighting in the film therefore I recommend it.

MIC :: essays research papers fc

MIC   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Products and machines made of steel have long been considered to be solid, strong, and very durable. The effects of general corrosion, â€Å"rust†, were considered to be the only factor limiting a steel product’s ability to last forever. It is thought that the general corrosion of steel is recognizable and its effects are easily limited by the application of various coatings and paints. Only in more recent years have the destructive effects of Microbiological Influenced Corrosion, â€Å"MIC† been discovered. Today MIC, whether it is on the bottom of a barge, in a water pipe, or in a nuclear power plant’s cooling tower, has evolved into a billion dollar problem. To cure this problem, I have created a device that cleans MIC out of the bilges of barges operated on the Mississippi River system. The bilges or confined void spaces have never been able to be cleaned due to the extremely tight or inaccessible area in which you would have to work. I found that most barges have a coating on the steel which provides a food source that the MIC bacteria absorbs (eats) and the bacteria’s resulting acid actually can penetrate the steel barge. Businesses that clean these barges to rid them of the MIC and the organic coating can charge as much as $10,000 to do just the ends of the barges, which is an area less than a tenth of the entire barge. The inner bottom void spaces which take up the remainder of the barge’s area are only 15† high, 27† wide, and 28’ long. Some barges have as many as 90 of these confined spaces, and none of them have been cleaned because their limited size makes them inaccessible. With the completion of my product it will be the first time the inner bottom void spaces of a barge can be cleaned. This will mean the MIC and its food source, the organic coating; will be completely removed from the barge for the first time since its original construction at the ship yard. For many years, MIC was incorrectly identified as the corrosive effects of saltwater on steel in ocean going vessels. Although salt certainly does have a corrosive effect on steel, it was not until more recent years that the term MIC was originated, and its effects are only starting to be discovered. MIC is responsible for the accelerated corrosion in ocean going ships, water storage tanks, fire protection sprinkler systems, commercial and military aircraft, and most recently discovered affecting the inland river barge fleet.

Hardness of Water Essay

The hardness of water was determined using the methods of titration, conductivity, and pH analysis. The mean and uncertainty of CaCO3 is 134 ±36.0 ppm. An error that could have potentially happened could be that the equivalence point was not correctly established causing inaccurate data. BACKGROUND: 1In hard water there is a high amount of mineral content present in the water. Most of the mineral content that is present in water are Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions. Even though hard water does affect a person’s health, hard water can still have harmful effects in an industrial environment, appliances in a household setting, and certain cleaning task. 2For example, when hard water repeatedly goes through pipes, the water causes deposits that eventually build up and clog the pipes. When cleaning dishes the presence of hard water can be detected when a layer of film is present on the dishes. Soap becomes less effective when hard water is present because the soap will bond with the minerals in the water. PROCEDURE: Hirko, R. Chemistry 112L General Chemistry I Laboratory, Seventh Edition; bluedoor: Minnetonka, MN, 2013 RESULTS: Table 1. Ca2+/Mg2+ in tap water via EDTA titration. Table 1 results were determined by pH analysis and EDTA titration. The moles of EDTA was found by using the EDTA concentration of 0.025 mol/L. Table 2. Conductivity probe calibration Figure 1. Conductivity of standard NaCl using conductivity probes. 1†³H2OKits.com Water Blog.† Negative Effects of Hard Water. H20 Kits, 16 Sept. 2008. Web. 11 Oct. 2013. 2†Water Hardness.† Water Hardness. Freshwatersystems, n.d. Web. 12 Oct. 2013. DISCUSSION: The mean and uncertainty for CaCO3 for tap water was determined to be 134 ±36.0 ppm. For the EDTA titration trial 2 and trial 3 had the same results of 125 ppm compared to trial 1, which had a higher ppm of 150. The readings for the hardness of water for the 3 different trials are not similar and differ in values. The CaCO3 value for the volumetric data was 134 ppm, the value for NaCl was 180 ppm, and the value for 442 was 248 ppm. The hardness of water can never be definitive because the water in Brookings may be different than the water in Sioux Falls. If it was possible to always have the same amount of mineral concentration then it would be definitive. Errors that could that potentially happened is when titrating it was difficult to tell when the equivalence point actually occurred, causing more or less amount of EDTA to present. Not knowing the when the equivalence point actually occurred would cause inaccurate values because the volume would be incorrect. Another error could be that the magnetic stirrer was spinning fast enough to mix the solution properly. This would cause excess EDTA to be present causing inaccurate results. An improvement for this lab would be test different hard water sources rather than just one faucet.

Unlock your minds hidden potential with this trick

Unlock your minds hidden potential with this trick Who among us doesn’t want to reach our full potential? Most of us have been told by someone at least once during our lives- possibly a parent or other family member, or maybe a friend or someone else in a position of trust, like a teacher- that we have a great deal of potential for achieving great things in life, and if we could summon the dedication, discipline, and mental fortitude to unlock it and utilize it to its fullest, we’d be successful! Using our mind’s full potential could benefit us in all areas of our lives, from strengthening personal relationships to reaching our professional and career goals and everything in between, so putting in the effort to unlock this hidden potential is a worthwhile investment.According to a blog post on pickthebrain.com, there’s a great deal of evidence that suggests people can unlock significant dormant mental potential and go on to achieve great success: â€Å"Your mind is a vast, largely unexplained source of en ergy and power†¦ many very successful people have believed in these powers and used them to create incredible fortunes and success†¦They exist whether you are willing to admit it and use it to your benefit or not. If you don’t, then you are missing out on getting the very most out of your life.†So†¦ the big question remains: How do you go about unlocking your mind’s hidden potential? Well, a recent Psychology Today article by Dr. Chris Gilbert, MD, PhD may just hold the answer to unlocking what she terms your â€Å"inner genius.†Dr. Gilbert focuses on a curious phenomenon that occurs in individuals who have suffered damage to the left anterior temporal lobe (LATL) in the brain and acquired what’s known as acquired savant syndrome, a disorder in which people spontaneously develop incredible  memories  and genius level abilities. This rare occurrence has been documented in a very small number of individuals (just 32 at the time of t his writing), but their experiences paint a powerful portrait of tapping into one’s latent potential.Take Derek for instance, who’s referred to in the article:Derek was a 39-year-old sales trainer with no musical skill when he dove head first into a very shallow swimming pool while visiting his mom. He suffered a severe head concussion and was taken to the hospital. Four days later, when he was resting at one of his friends’ house, he discovered that he was able to play the piano flawlessly and beautifully even though he couldn’t read music. That day, he played the piano for 6 hours. He is now working as a well-paid musician and composes music.Pretty powerful stuff, right? And Derek is just one example. There are others who, for some reason or another, often through an accident or brain altering illness like a stroke or dementia, acquired new talents after getting acquired savant syndrome. Dr. Gilbert notes, â€Å"Special skills in acquired savants, like the unusual abilities of ‘natural savants’ like autistic children, usually manifest as musical abilities- most often the piano with perfect pitch like Derek- visual memory, arithmetic abilities, painting, drawing, sculpting, and spatial skills where the savant can construct complex accurate models or excel at direction finding and map making.†However, before you go off and assume that you need to damage your brain’s LATL in order to get acquired savant syndrome, don’t get the wrong idea! Dr. Gilbert is not suggesting that anyone hurt themselves or do anything tragic and irreversible to their brains. However, she is saying that we can learn from the experiences of Derek and the others who have been diagnosed with acquired savant syndrome and apply this knowledge to answer the following question: Can healthy people acquire savant-like talents and unlock their â€Å"inner geniuses† by suppressing their LATL in a safer way? Dr. Gilbert argues tha t the LATL in our brains function to actively suppress certain portions of our ability to help us focus on the primary needs for survival, and that it keeps our full abilities and potential in check and dormant.Evidence for this has been shown in laboratory studies in individuals without brain trauma. Dr. Gilbert’s article refers to research performed by Dr. Allan Snyder, a neuroscientist at the University of Sidney, Australia, who demonstrated that there is a way to temporarily â€Å"turn-off† our LATL without any ill effects, so that all of us could exhibit savant-like talents:â€Å"Dr. Snyder artificially fatigued the LATL by stimulating it with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for 15 minutes in healthy subjects.  This technique is the equivalent of tiring out a muscle by vigorously exercising it. After TMS exposure, Snyder’s test subjects showed improved ability to draw objects from memory, to quantify the number of discrete objects in complex visu al scenes, and to accurately proof-read documents- all skills that depend upon memory for small details.†This means that there’s a potential sleeping â€Å"inner genius† inside all of us that’s just waiting to be woken up! But†¦can we emulate these results outside of a lab? It turns out that the answer is yes, we can.Based on Dr. Snyder’s work, Dr. Gilbert suggests that â€Å"anything we do that actively fatigues the LATL in a natural way could allow latent drawing, math, spatial, or musical abilities to surface.† She encourages engaging in activities that allow our brains to hyperfocus on the small, meaningless details of things to loosen the oppressive grip of our LATLs on our brain functioning. Things like transcendental meditation, repetition of a nonsensical mantra, and some forms of hypnosis can simulate the effects needed to temporarily suppress LATL activity, and allow our brains to unlock our hidden potential.The next time youâ €™re eager to unleash your mind’s hidden potential, consider the simple tricks mentioned here. Dr. Gilbert sums it up best: â€Å"So here’s the bottom line: To unleash your hidden talent, either focus exclusively on meaningless details or go overboard thinking about the meaning of things around you. Either way, you will push your LATL into the back seat and put your inner genius in the driver’s seat.†

Career Tips for Twentysomethings to Build a Lasting Career For Years

Career Tips for Twentysomethings to Build a Lasting Career For Years You may feel young and immortal, but you won’t be by the time you’re in your 30s and feeling over the hill. Taking a few important, but relatively easy steps now can really make a difference in setting you up for future success. Pay yourself forward. Here are 15 career tips that will help pay serious dividends in a year- or two- or 20.1. Master basic life skillsNow that you’re out of school and on your own, it’s the time to practice all those adulting skills no one ever really told you that you would need. Things like living within your means, putting money away for the future, dealing with rejection, staying patient and positive, eating your vegetables, and paying your bills. A little work now can do a lot of good later.2. Ask yourself a daily question (or questions)So many of the greats motivate themselves by asking inspirational questions on a daily basis. Things like: â€Å"what good thing can I do today?† or â€Å"what would you do if you thou ght you couldn’t fail?† In the words of Einstein, â€Å"Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow. The important thing is not to stop questioning.† A little self-reflection is always as good thing- and will stand you in good stead if it becomes a habit when you really need it.3. Stay healthyDevelop and stick to a fitness regimen while you’re still young and healthy. Don’t wait until you start to feel the aging process settle in. If you make it a habit and not an onerous project (slash gargantuan task), then you’ll never neglect yourself or fall into decrepitude and bad health. And you’ll save yourself a lot of time and struggle later.4. Learn to cushionWhen you’re heading to work, or to an interview, or even to meet friends for dinner, it’s very important to leave yourself a bit of wiggle room on your way. If you think it will take you 22 minuets to get somewhere, practice rounding up and giving yourself a h alf an hour just to be on the safe side. One day (or several!) this will save your bacon. If nothing else, you’ll never have to arrive sweating or out of breath again.5. Go outside your comfort zoneParticularly when in social situations. Pushing your own limits just a little here and there will make you much more relaxed and socially adaptable later when your worst hermit habits kick in as you age.6. Pick up a hobbyBetter start now and pick one while you have the energy and wherewithal to pick a cool one. It will stand you in good stead in a decade or two when hobbies come in handy for helping to expand your social circle.7. Take your timeLearning to spend quality time with yourself is an incredibly valuable skill. Take yourself to a movie. Go out to dinner alone and don’t spend the whole time noodling on your phone. The earlier you can develop ease with solitude, the better off you’ll be. Start small- even just a half an hour a day.8. Get involvedGetting involv ed in meaningful causes is a great way to gain some perspective and keep your priorities straight. You’ll never be this young or strong again; and you’ll never have more free time. So get out there and help someone other than yourself. You’ll be very glad you did.9. Save upYouth is great, but old age is just around the corner. Money you put away for savings now will only grow. Even just $5 a month into a retirement account can make a world of difference when the fated day arrives. Try living frugally while you’re still young and vital so you can live comfortably and with security when you need those two things most.10. Be informedTo be interesting you should also be interested. Keep track of current events and sporting milestones. Keep abreast of the most meaty and meaningful issues of your day. You’ll not only be a better conversationalist, you might just find a passion you didn’t realize you had.11. Fail betterSuccess is a great goal, but failure is a very important stepping stone on the way there. Let yourself fall flat on your face a few times- this is how we learn. Then get up, dust off, and try again. The more you recover and overcome now, the more resilient you will know yourself to be when you start to feel more daunted by worldly circumstances.12. Weekly reviewStart the excellent habit of running through your week. Ask yourself what went well, what could have gone better, and what adjustments you should try to make in the coming week to keep improving. Little bits of work like this will make a big difference over the course of adulthood.13. Read everythingThis is the best life skill there is. For the cost of a library card, you can improve your vocabulary, learn about the world, become more fluent in a wide variety of subjects, and be able to better empathize with people who are entirely different than you. Reading exercises your mind and your heart- and both things make you a better person.14. See the worldDo n’t just try and make a pile of money to enjoy in your dotage. Travel while you have the energy and health and time without constraints. See the world. Develop a taste for new things. You’ll be a much more interesting old person- and you’ll experience a much more diverse world.15. Shake it upRoutines are great, but every once in a while it’s good to shake things up a little. Just to prove to yourself you’re still in the driver’s seat. Make every day of your life memorable and meaningful and you’ll have very few regrets indeed.

Case study on the Zeal Peso Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Case study on the Zeal Peso - Essay Example From the case, we know that the exchange rate at the beginning was 20ZPG per dollar; the total time from 1973 to 1995 is 22 years. Price levels in the US have moved from 70 to 140 representing 100% inflation while those in the Zeal have moved from 50 to 180 representing 260% inflation. Substituting these figures in equation 2 we get: This represents 1/36 = $0.027 per Zeal Peso. According to the case report, the peso had devalued to a figure of $0.0263 per peso, which is the same figure predicted using PPP. Assuming that PPP holds true, then we can conclude that the figure $0,0263/ZPG is the best prediction for the Zeal peso spot rate for the last 22 years. (Shapiro, 2006: pp137). Therefore we can conclude here that the currency has devalued enough. However, given that this is the figure for 1995, the figure might be expected to reduce with further increase in inflation by the end of 1996. In my opinion, it was possible to forecast the peso float. From an understanding of purchasing power parity it is clear that two currencies can only be in fixed parity if the rates of change of consumer prices in the two countries are equal through time. In so far as the changes in inflation rates in one country are more than the other it will not be possible for fixed parity to be maintained. Thus, the currency values must readjust to reflect the inflation differentials. In the case of the US and the Zeal, one can observe from table 2 that the consumer price index for both countries has been increasing but that for the Zeal witnessed higher increases than that for the United States. As purchasing power parity states, currencies with higher inflation rates should depreciate relative to currencies with lower rates of inflation (Shapiro, 2006). Therefore given that the inflation index for the Zeal was increasing at a rate that was higher than that for the US it should have been possib le to forecast the peso float. Question 3. According to Black (2002), foreign exchange reserves or international reserves represent liquid assets held by a country's government or central bank for the purpose of intervening in the foreign exchange market. These include gold or convertible foreign currencies. (Black, 2002). For example in the case of the Zeal this might refer to assets denominated in US dollars rather than the Zeal peso. Foreign exchange reserves can also include balances with international institutions, notably the International Monetary Fund (IMF). (Black, 2002). Looking at table 3, which shows the balance of payments for the Zeal from 1973 to 1995, including the international reserves, we can observe that the international reserves have been decreasing since 1973. The international reserves have dropped from $-45million in 1973 to $-150million. This implies that the country has more liquid liabilities and not assets in foreign currency and therefore less money has been transferred out of the country. Instead, more money has been moved into the country in foreign currency. This is contrary to the assertion in the case that many people transferred money out of the country. Question 4 Bodie et al (2002), Shapiro (2006) state that in a well functioning foreign exchange market, there should be a spot-futures exchange rate relationship that will

In depth analysis about article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

In depth analysis about article - Essay Example The "instrumental view" implies that the right is important for the accomplishment of the deed but if it is not fulfilled, there is no moral issue. The "constraint view" obliges that the right be fulfilled without taking into account moral issues. Gasoline has to be purchased by the end user at the price it is being sold. The "goal view" differs as it is intrinsically important but it is not required. It is considered essential if the goal is to be completed, taking into account the infringement of other peoples fulfillment of their personal rights. The goal view encompasses moral accounting. Dual roles of rights exist where some rights may be intrinsically important and instrumentally valuable: the right to be free from hunger, the right to work. These imply the duality of the instrumental and goal view. The intrinsic value of a right is subjective and can be considered positive or negative. All moral assessments of a right must include the political, social and moral acceptation and consequences. Starvation is in relation to the structuring of property rights. In simplistic terms, the right to property is the right to food. Henry George said "Give the product to the producer". The Neoclassical theory does not take into account casual influences. The classical labor theory ignores internal conflicts; and the socio/psychological theory does not take into account the level of production. Starvation must take into account a system of encompassing all property right theories which encompasses also the positive and negative intrinsic moral values. One of the principle causes of famine is the lack of a legal system of property rights or entitlements. The entitlement approach is the "endowment" which includes man power, fields, factories, labor, etc.; and exchange entitlement mapping of production or trade (production and distribution channels). If the system does not produce enough food or the distribution of food is poorly managed famines

Tank Leak Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tank Leak - Personal Statement Example The issues of soil contamination will need to be addressed and the abandoned tank removed for reasons of safety and structural stability. The local agency responsible for the environment may have to be consulted to determine the magnitude and extent of risk of environmental contamination the leakage poses. That agency may also require to be consulted before an appropriate remediation programme is adopted and the soil contamination cleaned up. Following are a few remediation techniques published in the Oil Remediation Index that we could choose from: 1. Dig and dump - As the name suggests this method involves removing all the contaminated soil and disposing it off to the nearest landfill site. While excavation and dumping is becoming increasingly expensive, this is the most effective of the methods for removal of contamination and possibly most appropriate for your site as we are already in the process of excavation. 2. Soil Vapour Extraction - This is an in-situ process that involves inducing an air flow through the soil to remove the volatile components of the contaminant. Since oil is not as volatile as say petrol, this technique might not be very appropriate here. 4. Bio-remediation - This method involves using micro-organisms such as fungi, bacteria etc to degrade organic contaminants.

Thinking Fast and Slow Essay Example for Free

Thinking Fast and Slow Essay 1. One of the book’s more stunning examples of the priming effect takes place in an office kitchen. Employees would typically make themselves coffee or tea and in return would drop a small fee into an â€Å"honesty† box. Researchers designed an experiment that involved alternating weeks where either a picture of a flowerpot or a picture of a set of eyes was in the room. Donations were checked after ten weeks and researchers found that significantly more money was contributed on weeks in which the eyes were in the room. Given this, and other examples of priming, do you find it feasible for organizations to devise methods that attempt to prime their employees to perform or react in a desirable manner? 2. One of the errors of System 1 is known as the framing effect. This refers to the ability of the way in which a problem is presented to influence an individual’s solution to it. Kahneman’s example in the book involves doctors at Harvard Medical School. In seeking their opinion a question is framed using either survival rate or mortality rate, with relative figures being the same. Despite this, 84% of the participants selected surgery that referred to a patient’s survival rate. Knowing the effects of framing a question either too broadly, too narrowly, or incorrectly all together, what are measures that organizations can take to ensure that their employees understand how to properly frame problems in such a way that the companies’ primary objectives are being targeted? 3. The book advocates that in our search for a causal link between occurrences in our lives we often dismiss the legitimacy of luck’s involvement in our success. To demonstrate this point, Kahneman points out that the gap in corporate profitability and stock returns between high performance firms and less successful firms dissipates to nearly nothing over time. In fact, over a 20 year period the returns of companies that originally had the worst ratings went on to earn much higher returns than their counterparts, which he refers to regression to the mean. Given that we may not necessarily be as talented as we perceive ourselves to be, what are steps that organizations can take to ensure that top brass is better able to understand what may actually be creating the company’s success?

The Oppression of Colonized India Illustrated in Arundhati Roy’s Novel

The post colonial experience has made the goal of harmonious family relationships that much more difficult, due to the families fragmenting throughout the old country and immigration to the land of the colonizer. Children and adult children alike lose perspective on their homeland and the struggles within their homeland. They become awe-struck by the development of the colonizers land, and as a result become confused with where their loyalties should lie. In Arundhati Roy’s novel â€Å"The God of Small Things†, the Kochamma family is a family of tragic situations and tragic people. Not all of their problems stem from colonization; in fact it is their own cultural traditions that lead to much of the tragedy; however it can be argued that the underlying theme within the novel is one of a people oppressed by the colonization of India by England, and how a society already consumed with prejudices based on class (or caste, as the Indian would refer to it) and colour begins t o turn on itself, and devalues its own people, culture and heritage. The Kochamma family lives, works and plays together. They do not however communicate with each other, nor do they comfort each other or attempt to understand one another. This is the greatest downfall of the family. Colonization plays a role in how some members begin to perceive each other and India as a whole; as well it lays the foundation for the sense of worthlessness each member of the family feels at different times. Although the English have left India when this story takes place, their presence can still be felt. â€Å"Englishness† and whiteness is held in high regard, and is something to emulate and work towards. The Indians, who had always had a class system and a disregard for darker skin,... ...n all of these stories, the children look to their families to help them form their identity and find their place in the world; and in most cases are disappointed with the lack of unity and dis-functionality they encounter. This relationship is much like India has with itself and England. Rather than thinking independently and trying to move away from British culture and being a people oppressed by colonization, the Indian people become a victim once again insomuch that they continue to think like the colonized even after they have won independence. The fragmentation of families in the post-colonial experience will only cease when the fragmentation of their country and culture has been ratified, and the shameful mindset of the colonized victim is shed from their minds and they are able to find respect and the future in their own customs, culture and people.

Multicultural Counseling Critique Essay -- Counseling

Multicultural Counseling Critique: Counseling Utilization by Ethnic Minority College Students Although the practice of counseling has evolved considerably since its inception, the concept of multicultural competence remains novel. Engrossed in the lives of every clinician are underlined biases and prejudices that act as filters in which every interaction with a clients is affected. Current research on the topic of multicultural counseling has shown that although multicultural awareness is on the rise there is still a remarkable gap in research regarding the use of counseling service and outcomes for racial and ethnic minorities (Kerney,Draper, & Baron, 2005). Insights such as these have encouraged researchers to investigate multicultural counseling, on many different levels of delivery. One such level is that of the university counseling center setting. Kerney, Draper, & Baron (2005) suggest that in order to address the need for research on the effectiveness of therapy for minorities, one must examine the current effectiveness of therapy on university campuses and the coincid ing utilization of counseling services by racial and ethnic minorities. In order to do this the researchers examined the differences among African American, Asian American, Latino, and Caucasian students in therapy attendance after intake, and the severity of distress at both intake and last session (Kerney,Draper, & Baron, 2005). The current paper will critique the research conducted by Kerney, Draper, & Baron, in order to gain further awareness into multicultural competent methods of working with ethnic and racial minorities. The current research addressed the issue of ethnic and racial minorities’ utilization of counseling services in a university setting... ...nd racial minorities, an increased amount of attention should be focused on normalizing counseling for ethnic and racial minority students. In doing so the stigma of counseling may be decreased and increased usage of services might occur. Upon review of the current literature concerning multicultural counseling, it has become evident that a competent counselor is an individual both aware of his culture, and dually aware of his client’s cultural point of view. In order to be a counselor who is competent in his craft, an understanding of other cultures must first be accomplished, and integrated as part of a counseling modality that is both flexible and able to accommodate client concerns in whatever manner they manifest. This incorporation is crucial in becoming a more culturally aware and sensitive counselor, and is a component worth integrating into practice.

Effect Of Client Choice Therapist Health And Social Care Essay

It is estimated that 11 % of consumers of outpatient mental wellness services and 19 % of inpatient mental wellness consumers meet standards for Borderline Personality Disorder ( BPD ) , and of persons run intoing clinical standards for a personality upset, 33 % of outpatient and 66 % of inpatient persons appear to run into standards for the Borderline status ( Linehan, 1993a ) . The Borderline status is characterized by â€Å" a permeant form of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early maturity and nowadays in a assortment of contexts † ( American Psychological Association, 1994. P. 280 ) . To to the full run into standards for BPD, an single must expose this form in at least five of nine countries. One of the standards for diagnosing of the Borderline status is perennial self-destructive behaviour, gestures or menaces or self-mutilating behaviours and there is a reasonably big subgroup of persons with BPD who engage in these parasuicidal behaviours. Marsha Linehan developed Dialectical Behavior Therapy ( DBT ) in an attempt to assist these persons learn to modulate their emotions and cut down suicidal and parasuicidal behaviours. Dialectic Behavior Therapy is an evidence-based pattern that has been used efficaciously to handle persons with BPD and is deriving popularity in the psychiatric community. DBT intervention is comprised of both single therapy and hebdomadal accomplishments groups ( Scheel, 2000 ; Linehan, 1993a ) . DBT is focused on the thought that many of the troubles faced by persons with BPD root from an person ‘s inability to efficaciously modulate their emotions. Linehan ‘s biosocial theory provinces that persons with the Borderline status had early experiences with societal environments that were annuling which hampered their ability to efficaciously pull off and cover with feelings of intense emotions ( Linehan, 1993a ; Scheel, 2001 ; Crowell, Beauchaine, & A ; Linehan, 2009 ) . DBT pulls from many different schools of thought including client-centered, psychodynamic, and gestalt and besides mixes in constructs from Eastern and Zen doctrines. At its nucleus is the dialectic of cre dence and alteration and happening a balance between the two is the ultimate end to reconstructing map. In traditional DBT intervention the relationship between the healer and the client is a larger focal point than what would be traditionally found in other cognitive behavioural therapies ( Scheel, 2001 ) . DBT intervention consists of hebdomadal groups accomplishments developing in faculties such as heedfulness, interpersonal effectivity, emotion ordinance and hurt tolerance, hebdomadal person therapy with a DBT trained healer, and telephone conversations between the client and healer as needed ( McKay, Wood, & A ; Brantley, 2007 ; Sheel, 2001 ) . Individual DBT therapy Sessionss address three prioritized intervention marks: self-destructive behaviours, therapy interfering behaviours and increasing accomplishment development ( Shell, 2001 ) . In add-on to the supports available to clients, there is a hebdomadal audience meeting for healers supplying DBT intervention. The intent of this group is to supply healers supplying DBT intervention a topographic point to portion experiences, solicit feedback from their equal group and serve as a manner to assist the healer maintain the non-judgmental attack that is required of DBT intervention ( Scheel, 2001 ) . While research has shown DBT to be effectual in cut downing the parasuicidal behaviours of clients with BPD, the thought that a client will hold to go forth their pre-established relationship with a current intervention squad in order to come in into intervention with a DBT trained healer may ensue in people non come ining into this intervention. St. Luke ‘s House, Inc. a public mental wellness bureau in Montgomery County Maryland, operates a residential group place for adult females with BPD. This place utilizes DBT therapy in both the residential and the outpatient mental wellness scene. A ground frequently cited by consumers for non come ining into this plan is the involuntariness to go forth their current intervention squad. This research proposal will analyze the effects on intervention efficaciousness of DBT intervention when clients are allowed to keep a curative relationship with a non-DBT trained intervention squad while take parting in hebdomadal DBT accomplishments g roup. Literature Review A reappraisal of the bing literature of client pick in intervention and Dialectical Behavior Therapy revealed some important findings every bit good as some spreads in bing research. Client Choice In finishing a hunt utilizing several databases including PSYCHINFO, EBSCO, Psychology and Behavior and ERIC there were really few published surveies that examined the function client pick played in intervention effectivity and results. Of the consequences returned, the most recent published survey was in 1988 analyzing the principle and deductions of client pick of healers. Interestingly the research demonstrates clearly that leting clients to take their preferable method of therapy and preferable healer neither addition or diminish intervention efficaciousness, showing that at its worst, client pick would ensue in every bit effectual intervention results ( Ersner-Hershfield, Abramowitz, & A ; Baren, 1979 ; Manthei, 1983: Manthei, 1988 ; Manthei, Vitalo, & A ; Ivey, 1982 ) . Additionally, Ersner-Hershfield et Al. demonstrated that a higher per centum ( 71 % ) of persons who were allowed to take their healer really showed up for their first assignment compared to persons who were ass igned ( 45 % ) . Studies into the function of fiting clients with their preferable therapy mode in therapy have besides pointed to a defect in the system in that frequently the matching is done by the clinic and non the client ( Manthi et al. ) . Manthei et Al. investigated the effects of client pick of healer on therapy results by comparing results between a group of clients who chose their healer and two other groups of clients who were assigned healers by a clinical manager. The survey did non give consequences that demonstrated better results for persons who chose their healer, but the informations did non demo statistically important poorer results for this group, bespeaking that leting a client to take their healer would non in itself pose a hazard to intervention effectivity. While there is small informations to demo that intervention results are increased with client pick of healer or therapy, the information does show that clients who play at least a little function in taki ng their healer or therapy, have more positive feelings about their healers, stay in therapy thirster and were by and large more satisfied with therapy ( Manthei, 1988 ) . There have been suggestions to supply clients with information about available options and allow them take which they would wish to take part in ( Manthei, 1988 ) . The function of consumer pick in intervention is consistent with grounds based best patterns and current Social Work values focused on liberty and farther research in this country is indispensable. DBT Therapy Since its origin Dialectical Behavior Therapy intervention has been deriving widespread attending as an grounds based best pattern in the intervention of self-destruction efforts and self-injurious behaviours among persons diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder. DBT was developed in response to the trouble handling chronic sociality and self-injurious behaviours in adult females with BPD in traditional intervention scenes. It was designed to be an outpatient intervention comprised of four major constituents: 1 ) single psychotherapeutics hebdomadally 2 ) group skills developing hebdomadally 3 ) telephone audience with the healer as needed and 4 ) hebdomadal audience squad meetings for the healers and accomplishments group leaders ( Linehan, et al. , 2006 ; Soler, et al. , 2009 ; Chen, Matthews, Allen, Kuo, J. R. ; Linehan, M. M. , 2007 ) . Of the four surveies reviewed, three demonstrated important decrease in self-injurious behaviours and self-destruction efforts ( Bohus, et al. , 2004 ; & A ; Linehan, et al. , 2006 ) among other cardinal standards of BPD. Carter, Willcox, Lewin, Conrad, and Bendit ( 2010 ) note several grounds they were likely unable to retroflex old findings including deficiency of equal preparation in DBT methods, low attachment to DBT techniques and methodological differences in measuring. Additionally, Carter et Al. identified a shorter continuance ( 6 months vs. 12 months ) of intervention as a possible factor though Bohus et Al. demonstrated effectivity in three months of inpatient intervention. Overwhelmingly the research points to the effectivity of the DBT theoretical account in cut downing suicide efforts and self-injurious behaviours among persons diagnosed with BPD. There have been limited randomised surveies to analyze the effectivity of inmate DBT compared to the traditional outpatient DBT theoretical account and farther research is needed in this country, including follow-up with patients who received inpatient DBT and non-DBT outpatient intervention following discharge. Adaptations With the documented success of DBT intervention with persons diagnosed with BPD, human service suppliers of course sought to spread out the application to other diagnostic groups and populations and experienced varied consequence. DBT intervention has been expanded and modified for the intervention of binge-eating upsets and binge-eating syndrome nervosa ( Chen, et al. , 2008 ; Safer, Robinson, & A ; Jo, 2010 ) , victims of domestic maltreatment ( Iverson, Shenk, & A ; Fruzzetti, 2009 ) , aggression in correctional scenes ( Shelton, Sampl, Kesten, Zhang, Trestman, 2009 ) , adolescent populations ( Wasser, Tyler, McIlhaney, Taplin, Henderson, 2008 ) , post traumatic emphasis upset ( Wagner, Rizvi, & A ; Harned, 2007 ) , and opprobrious behaviour ( Waltz, 2003 ) to call a few. Adaptations of DBT to these populations have non examined the function of client pick of healer in intervention and all modified intervention while keeping the doctrine of DBT single therapy. The surveies replica ted old findings in that mark behaviours were significantly reduced utilizing the DBT theoretical account which included accomplishments group weekly in add-on to single therapy. Across the board the literature pointed to significantly lower drop-out rates among the groups having some signifier of DBT intervention. While traditional DBT intervention stopping points for 12 months, Chen et Al. ( 2008 ) limited the intervention continuance to 6 months but were able to show effectivity during that clip period. Other versions to the traditional theoretical account of DBT intervention include the usage of group merely over the class of 12 hebdomads ( Iverson et al. , 2009 ) with no single therapy, and the comparing of DBT accomplishments preparation and standard group therapy ( Soler, et al. , 2009 ) which is important to this research proposal because it demonstrates the effectivity of implementing DBT in a group scene. Shelton et Al. ( 2009 ) found that 16-weeks of DBT intervention significantly reduced aggression in correctional scenes instantly following intervention and at 6 and 12 month follow-ups. Although traditional DBT intervention has been focused on grownups chiefly due to the standards of BPD necessitating an person to be of big age, some versions have been made to implement this intervention with striplings with some success ( Wasser, et al. , 2008 ) . Wasser et Al. compared the usage of DBT intervention to standard curative surroundings in a residential scene. While the consequences were non every bit important as in other surveies, DBT was found to be more effectual at handling depressive symptoms in the young person. These surveies all point to successful versions of the traditional DBT theoretical account. Critique and Future Research The literature reviewed demonstrated that DBT, even in an altered signifier is an effectual intervention attack for cut downing parasuicidal behaviours in persons with BPD, every bit good as turn toing mark behaviours in other populations. There is farther research needed in the country of client pick in therapy effectivity and results. While some versions have been made to the mark population of DBT intervention, small attending has been paid to the function of client pick of healer in DBT intervention. This research proposal hypothesizes that utilizing a non-DBT trained healer will be every bit as effectual in cut downing suicide efforts and self-injurious behaviours as utilizing a DBT trained healer when combined with hebdomadal DBT accomplishments group. Further surveies into the effectivity of client pick in healer are needed and merely more controlled experiments will increase the organic structure of cognition in an attempt to do DBT intervention more widely accepted and available to persons enduring with dysregulated emotions and sing parasuicidal behaviours. Methods Research Design This research proposal will utilize a authoritative experiment design and will use the Suicide Attempt and Self-Injury Interview ( SASII ) to the control and experimental groups as a pre- and post-test step of self-destruction efforts and self-injurious behaviours. The hypothesis of this research proposal will be tested by comparing the post-tests between the experimental and control groups at the terminal of the survey. The survey will be conducted at both the Bethesda and Silver Spring outpatient mental wellness clinics of St. Luke ‘s House, Inc. in Montgomery County, Maryland. In this survey the control group will have traditional DBT intervention including single therapy by a DBT trained healer, and the experimental group will go on therapy with the intervention squad they have a preexistent relationship with. Both groups will have hebdomadal DBT accomplishments group and no group will hold single therapy Sessionss terminated as portion of this survey. Assignment to the control and experimental group will be done utilizing random assignment and barricading to guarantee that the groups are every bit indistinguishable as possible. Participant blocks will be determined by tonss on the SASII and separated by high and low tonss so that there is an every bit equal as possible representation of scope in parasuicidal behaviours in both groups. Participants in each block will be indiscriminately assigned to the control and experimental groups. Following the assignment into control and experimental groups, the survey participants will so be indiscriminately assigned to one of four accomplishments groups sing that the control and experimental groups are every bit consistent as possible. Because this research proposal uses a authoritative experimental design, menaces to internal cogency will be minimized and should non show a job with generalising the findings ( Montte, Sullivan, & A ; DeJong, 2008 ) . The survey will dwell of field experiments, as the intervention will be conducted in traditional curative scenes and group skill developing groups will take topographic point at the clinics so hazards to external cogency that might originate from the experimental scene will be addressed. There is some hazard of reactive effects of proving due to the pre-test at the beginning of the survey and in an attempt to turn to the hazard of an unrepresentative sample, barricading and tracking abrasion Numberss for both groups will be completed. Ultimately external cogency could be solidified through reproduction of the survey over clip and with different populations ( Monette et al. , 2008 ) . Sampling The proposed research survey will utilize 50 survey participants each of whom will be consumers of mental wellness services in Montgomery County, Maryland. One half of the participants ( n=25 ) will be assigned to the control group and one half will be assigned to the experimental group. Persons who meet study standards described below will be recruited from community mental wellness centres in Montgomery County Maryland and referred to the survey by a accredited mental wellness professional. As portion of the enlisting scheme, persons will be informed of the constituents of DBT intervention and accomplishments groups and will be informed of the nature of the research survey. Persons will be given information sing referral to the survey to supply their single healer if they are interested in take parting in the survey. Persons will be assured of namelessness, be provided with transcripts of the HIPPA processs and informed that engagement is voluntary. Persons will be informed that wh ile assignment to the control and experimental groups will be done by random assignment, all participants will have DBT accomplishments developing groups hebdomadally. Study participants will have no compensation for take parting in the survey other than the services provided and will be informed that they can drop out of the survey at any clip for any ground. Persons between the ages of 18-35 who meet DSMIV-TR standards for Borderline Personality Disorder and have a history of at least 2 suicide efforts within the last 5 old ages and a history of at least 3 or more inpatient psychiatric hospitalizations per twelvemonth will be considered for the survey. Exclusion standards for this survey include mandated intervention, co-existing idea upset, substance maltreatment upset, mental deceleration or any ictus upset necessitating medicine or ongoing monitoring. The exclusion standards are of import in this survey to guarantee the voluntary engagement of persons in the survey and to protect against the immaterial variables that might be related to medicine for ictus upset such as Depakote, which has besides been used as a temper stabilizer and has the possible to skew the consequences of the experiment. The research squad will utilize instance histories, written referrals from accredited clinicians, medical records and history, and a condemnable background cheque to verify eligibility for the survey. The Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence will be used to govern out mental deceleration. Study Procedure The intent of this survey is to prove the effectivity of DBT accomplishments group as a auxiliary intervention mode to non-DBT single therapy. Traditional DBT intervention requires persons to suspend bing relationships with healers and head-shrinkers who are non trained in DBT intervention. This research survey proposes to analyze the consequence on intervention effectivity of leting consumers to keep relationships with a intervention squad that is non trained in DBT. Prior to the survey, two clinicians from St. Luke ‘s House will be selected and become certified to present DBT therapy. Prerequisites for enfranchisement as a DBT healer include a professional grade, province licence or tantamount and preparation in DBT as outlined in Appendix A. Additionally the enfranchisement procedure consists of a written and unwritten test to measure the appliers apprehension of the DBT doctrine and constituents and to verify the person ‘s ability to efficaciously supply the intervent ion ( DBT Certification and Accreditation, 2009 ) . In add-on to the two DBT certified healers, four staff members will be trained in facilitation the DBT accomplishments groups. Due to the strength of the accomplishments groups, the size of each group will be limited to a upper limit of 13 participants in each group and participants will be indiscriminately assigned to a accomplishments group from the control and experimental groups. These four facilitators will supply the hebdomadal accomplishments developing groups for all survey participants. Groups will be held at a set clip each hebdomad for 12 months and engagement will be compulsory. Participants who fail to go to at least 75 % of the accomplishments groups will be excluded from the research information as the effectivity of accomplishments group will non be able to be measured due to miss of engagement. Prior to entry into the survey, participants will be administered the SASII by their single healer. Instruction manuals for administrating and hiting the SASII will be provided to each healer prior to the execution of the survey. As participants either leave the accomplishments groups due to attrition or finish the rhythm of modes, the SASII will be administered once more and consequences will be compared to the tonss at admittance. The figure of accomplishments groups attended will be reported on the post-tests as good particularly in instances of abrasion so that the research workers can measure whether abrasion rates for either of the groups could hold an consequence on the consequences ( Monette, et al. , 2008 ) . Study Variables and Measurements The independent variable in this research proposal is the type of therapy the single receives. This variable will be measured nominally as either DBT trained healer ( command group ) or non-DBT trained healer ( experimental group ) . Each group will have one hr of single therapy and 2 hours of group accomplishments developing hebdomadally. Each of the accomplishments groups will follow the theoretical account outlined by Linehan ( 1993b ) and use the same accomplishments manual, prep and schoolroom assignments. The dependant variable in this survey is the effectivity of non-DBT trained healers combined with hebdomadal accomplishments group on cut downing parasuicidal behaviours and will be measured utilizing the Suicide Attempt Self-Injury Interview ( SASII ) . The SASII ( once the Parasuicidal History Interview ) looks at a assortment of factors related to both suicide effort and self-injurious behaviour. This step was rated as first-class in inter-rater dependability, and test-retest dependability, good in footings of concept cogency, and received a evaluation of adequate in the classs of content cogency and cogency generalisation ( Hunsley & A ; Mash, 2008 ) . The SASII is a 42-item step administered by a non-medical professional and is often used in surveies of persons with boundary line personality upset who display frequent self-destruction efforts or self-injurious behaviours ( Hunsley & A ; Mash, 2008 ; Linehan, Comtois, Brown, Heard, & A ; Wagner, 2006 ) . The major variables in th is step include frequence of self-injurious behaviours, particulars and deadliness of the method used, badness of any physical effects ensuing from the self-injurious behaviours and medical intervention received ( Linehan, Comtois, et al. , 2006 ) . In footings of dependability, the four graduated tables have been shown to be internally efficient with alpha coefficients runing from.64 to.86 and this step has an overall inter-rater dependability of.80 ( Brown, n.d. ; Hunsley & A ; Mash, 2008 ; Linehan, Comtois, et al. , 2006 ) . Cogency of this step was tested in a assortment of ways, most notably in the evaluations of method, deadliness and subsequent physical status. The SASII was designed to be administered by non-medical professionals and dependability between these interviewers and medical professionals was paramount. The measuring achieved.85 dependability coefficiency for deadliness of the method used and.93 for physical status following the event ( Linehan, Comtois, et al. ) . Additionally, the cogency of frequence counts ranged from 72 % to 86 % % when compared to clinical records ( Brown, n.d. ) . The standard version of the SASII will necessitate a drawn-out interview and there is a short version available every bit go od and is included in Appendix A. Datas Analysis Pre and Post trial tonss for each participant will be calculated and reviewed by the research squad. Statistical analysis will be completed utilizing SPSS for Windows and the hypothesis will be tested by utilizing a t-test to compare the average SASII tonss of the experimental and control groups. Because merely two variables are being compared, bivariate statistics will be used to depict the relationship between the dependant variable and the independent variable. IRB Approval In order to obtain blessing from the UMB Institutional Review Board the research squad will finish the IRB initial application which includes a 200 word abstract sketching the intent of the research undertaking, designation, features and figure of the topics in the survey, the research procedures including transcripts of the SASII, an overview of possible hazards and benefits to the research subjects, guidelines for keeping confidentiality and obtaining informed consent and a reappraisal of the usage of protected wellness information ( Institutional Review Board, n.d. ) . A modified version of the research proposal worksheet completed for this assignment could run into these demands. Review This proposal has a figure of strengths and as a consequence has the possible to convey forth important consequences. The survey has an ample and manageable sample size and the usage of barricading, random assignment provides the best chance to hold homogenous control and experimental groups. There is a high potency to deduce a causal relationship between the independent and dependent variables because the survey was designed as a authoritative experiment. Because of the experimental design, menaces to internal cogency are besides virtually eliminated with the exclusion of abrasion which will be discussed as a possible restriction to this survey ( Monette, et al. , 2008 ) . While there are a figure of strengths with this survey, there are besides several restrictions that need to be considered. This will be a reasonably drawn-out and dearly-won survey to transport out. The costs of developing two healers in DBT and four group skills leaders will be important. Additionally, traditional DBT intervention typically requires attending of accomplishments groups hebdomadally for the first 12-months, and while abrasion rates in DBT therapy tend to be lower ( Linehan, Comtois, et al. , 2006 ; Carter, et al. , 2010 ; Soler, et al. , 2009 ) , there is still a important hazard that abrasion will be a job long-run which will necessitate to be tracked, monitored and reported on continuously. There are other immaterial variables that have non been addressed in this research proposal. The background, preparation and experience of the single healers for the experimental group is unknown and since the hypothesis rests on an single being able to keep intervention with the supplier of pick, there is no manner to turn to this or to mensurate it beyond study of the healer. The possibility of reactiveness to pre and post testing does be and a Solomon experimental group was considered for this proposal, nevertheless it was of import to estimate the alteration in frequence and strength of parasuicidal behaviours so a baseline step was needed on all groups which precluded the usage of the Solomon 4-group design. The step chosen to measure outcomes has low prognostic cogency ( Hunsley & A ; Mash, 2008 ) so the ability to foretell future episodes of self-destruction efforts and self-injury is low. Future surveies in this country should utilize steps with some prognostic cogency as good which could dramatically better the significance and utility of the findings. Significance and Deductions The importance of this survey for progressing the field of Social Work and impacting the lives of persons who experience self-injurious behaviours is apparent. The proposed survey has the possible to add to the cognition base of the impact of client pick of therapy on intervention effectivity and if it is able to be replicated and applied to different populations a major barrier to the execution of DBT intervention could be reduced. This survey has the possible to open DBT intervention up to many persons who would otherwise non see it because they would hold to go forth their current supplier. This survey besides has the possible to offer single healers a auxiliary intervention in accomplishment development to help their clients with deriving the accomplishments needed to get down to larn to modulate their emotions without fall backing to self-injurious behaviours. On a more macro degree, community plans could get down to offer DBT accomplishments groups as a addendum to traditional outpatient patterns and because the intervention is done in a group format, the disbursals would be lower in footings of staff clip and resource allotment compared to hourly single Sessionss each hebdomad. As demonstrated in the research, supplying clients picks in intervention will finally take to greater satisfaction on the portion of the client, lower no-show rates and higher overall keeping of clients than mandating that a client leave their current supplier in order to have the group skills preparation offered through outpatient DBT accomplishments groups. From a policy point of view, mental wellness policy could be affected in footings of stressing client pick more in intervention options. Current policy tendencies are focused on autonomous attention and recovery based rules and by showing that consumer pick in healer has an at least equal consequence on intervention results could back up policy alteration to reflect a greater accent on pick.